Qhov teeb meem ntawm marine yas paug cov pa phem tau nyiam thoob ntiaj teb. Yuav ua li cas los txo cov pa paug dej hiav txwv tau dhau los ua cov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li kev lag luam thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb. Ob peb hnub dhau los, Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau tshaj tawm tias nws tau ua tiav cov dej hiav txwv degradable plastics thiab yuav tsum ua tus thawj coj hauv Hainan.
Seawater degradable yas khoom, cov tsos tsis txawv ntawm cov yas zoo tib yam.
Kev koom tes nrog Hainan los txhawb kev lag luam
Ua ntej lawm, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Hainan Xeev thiab Lub Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci thiab Chemistry Technology ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb (tomqab no hais txog Lub Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb) tau kos npe cog lus kev koom tes pom zoo hauv Haikou Cov. Ob tog neeg yuav sib koom ua ke tsim Hainan Xeev Degradable Plastics Technology Innovation Center los kawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov khoom lag luam tshiab nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm plastics uas tsis zoo. , Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, thiab lwm yam, txhawb kev sim kev lag luam ntawm seawater degradable yas tshuab hauv Hainan, kom paub tseeb txog kev lag luam ntawm seawater degradable plastics sai li sai tau.
Ji Junhui, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Physics thiab Chemistry ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Sciences thiab tus thawj coj ntawm National Engineering Research Center ntawm Engineering Plastics, tau hais hauv kev sib tham nrog Hainan Txhua Hnub:" Txawm hais tias seawater degradable plastics tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thoob ntiaj teb, kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb ntawm seawater degradable plastics tseem muaj tsawg, tsuas yog Tuam Tshoj thiab Nyij Pooj. Tsawg tsawg lub tuam txhab ntau ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab lwm lub tebchaws tau pib kawm." Ji Junhui hais.
Nyob rau xyoo 2017, Lub Tuam Txhab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Plastics thiab Lub Chaw Kuaj Cev thiab Science News for KIDS thiab Science News for KIDS ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau npaj ze li 10 PhD los kawm txog seawater degradable plastics. Pib ntawm cov qauv tsim qauv molecular, tom qab kev tshawb nrhiav nyuaj thiab kev sim ua dua tshiab, xyoo 2018, Ji Junhui pab neeg tsim cov khoom siv polymer uas tuaj yeem ua xeb hauv dej hiav txwv, uas tuaj yeem nkag siab" tus ua ntej" ntawm seawater degradable yas khoom.
Cov plua av tshiab tuaj yeem ua rau poob rau dej hiav txwv thiab av
Txij li thaum xyoo 2018, Ji Junhui' s pab pawg tau ua tiav kev ntsuam xyuas kev xeb thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm seawater degradable polymer cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov chaw muaj huab cua sib txawv xws li hiav txwv Bohai, Hiav Txwv East Suav Teb thiab Hiav Txwv South China, thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv polymer nrog sib txawv daim ntawv thov haiv. Hauv lub neej tom ntej, lawv tuaj yeem ua raws li nyias daim ntawv thov. Tsim cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom sib txawv.
GG quot; Kev sim hiav txwv tau ua tiav los kawm txog lub sijhawm rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv polymer kom tswj tau qhov kev ua tau zoo yam tsis muaj kev txo qis hauv huab cua sib txawv (uas yog, kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej), thiab tus nqi ntawm kev xeb thiab ploj, thiaj li txiav txim siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm plastics rau kev txhim kho thiab daim ntawv thov." Ji Junhui tau hais tias tam sim no kev sim hiav txwv ntawm seawater degradable plastics tau ua tiav kev soj ntsuam ua ntej hauv kev npaj seawater degradable plastics. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog daws cov teeb meem engineering thiab txheej txheem thiab npaj rau kev lag luam qhia pom.
Ib qho kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom tawg yooj yim piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv seawater (sab saud) thiab cov qauv kuaj tau zoo (qis dua) tom qab so hauv seawater rau 3 lub hlis.
GG quot; Cov khoom siv tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog dej xau rau hauv dej hiav txwv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv av, thiab tuaj yeem decomposed rau hauv dej thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab lwm yam khoom hauv kaum tawm hnub mus rau pua pua hnub tom qab tau muab pov tseg rau hauv av lossis dej hiav txwv." Ji Junhui Nws tau hais tias txawm hais tias seawater degradable yas tau yug los, nws tseem nyob rau theem kuaj, thiab nws muaj lub sijhawm ntev mus ua ntej nws muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm.
Cov ntawv sau ntawm" Yas Dej Hiav Txwv" nthuav tawm kev puas tsuaj uas cov yas khib nyiab coj mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv. (Daim duab Profile)
Ntxiv rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov tsiaj degradable plastics los ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Cornell University (Cornell) tau tsis ntev los no tso tawm qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kev vam meej: cov plastics tshiab uas yog biodegradable nyob rau hauv ultraviolet teeb rau cov ntawv thov nuv ntses.
Ncua kev nyeem ntawv: Yas hloov qis qis dua ultraviolet teeb olet
Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv dej hiav txwv yas muaj kuab paug los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua lag luam nuv ntses, xws li nuv ntses thiab cov hlua nuv ntses. Txog qhov kawg no, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Cornell University (Cornell) tau tsim cov tshuaj polymer tshiab rau kev lag luam nuv ntses kom txo tau cov yas paug pov tseg los ntawm kev lag luam nuv ntses mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv.
Bryce Lipinski, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Professor Geoffrey Coates 'Chav Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Tisch University thiab tus thawj coj ntawm tus kws ntsuam xyuas thiab PhD tus neeg sib tw ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Tshuaj thiab Tshuaj Biology ntawm Cornell University, hais tias txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb sim hloov cov yas nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv, lawv yog raws cov yas nws tus kheej nws tsis yooj yim los hloov nws.
GG quot; Qhov kev muaj tiag yog tias plastics yuav txuas ntxiv, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov, plastics tuaj yeem sib tw nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov muaj zog, yoog raws, thiab hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias muaj cov khoom siv dav siv plastics thiab kev siv tshuaj tsis raug, nws ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig."
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav ntawm Cornell University tau sim cov roj ntsha tshiab ruaj ruaj polymer uas tuaj yeem hloov kho tau nyob rau hauv lub teeb ci ci ultraviolet. (Tau qhov twg los: Geoffrey Coates Laboratory, Cornell University)
Pab pawg neeg Cornell tau txiav txim siab pib nrog kev siv hauv cov liaj teb tshwj xeeb, tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej nuv ntses uas xav tau yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw marine thiab xav tau muaj lub zog ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov feem ntau siv cov nuv ntses nets thiab cov hlua nuv ntses yog siv los ntawm peb cov polymers: isotactic polypropylene, high-density polyethylene thiab nylon 6,6. Peb cov khoom siv no tsis yooj yim degraded.
Geoffrey Coates thiab nws pawg kws tshawb fawb tau txhim kho cov yas uas tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam nuv ntses nyob rau hauv kev hais txog kev siv tshuab thiab kuj tuaj yeem txo qis hauv lub sijhawm tsim nyog hauv 15 xyoo dhau los. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau tsim cov khoom siv hu ua isotactic polypropylene oxide (iPPO), uas tau pom thawj zaug xyoo 1949 thiab muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam li isotactic polypropylene. Ua ntej lub Cornell pab neeg kawm txog cov ntaub ntawv no, lub zog kho tshuab thiab photodegradability ntawm iPPO yeej tsis tau pom.
Raws li cov lus ceeb toom, iPPO yog qhov tshwj xeeb vim tias qhov loj ntawm kev ua kom zoo thiab xwm yeem nyob rau hauv cov xov polymer polymer ntawm cov khoom, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj zog thiab degradability ntawm cov khoom. iPPO yas yog rhiab heev rau ultraviolet kev ua haujlwm. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom nyob hauv kev sim hauv chaw sim tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau" tseem ceeb photodegradation" tsis pub dhau 30 hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xeb tuag nyob ntawm qhov siv lub teeb.
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav cia siab tias iPPO plastics tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam nuv ntses xws li nuv ntses nuv ntses thiab cov hlua nuv ntses los pab txo qis cov kuab paug yas hauv ntiaj teb' s dej hiav txwv ib puag ncig.
Xaj: Hainan Txhua Hnub, Lub Chaw Ua Haujlwm ntawm Physics thiab Chemistry, Suav Academy ntawm Science thiab DesignNews
