Lub voj voog yas los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev hloov pauv ntsuab
Fu Xiangsheng, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, Tuam Tshoj Petroleum thiab Chemical Industry Federation
Txij li thaum yug los ntawm plastics, lawv tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb pab rau kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev hloov cov hlau thiab ntoo, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab emission txo. Tab sis niaj hnub no, tackling plastic pollution tau dhau los ua kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb. Kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig.
Kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab tau muab faib ua lub voj voog lub cev thiab lub voj voog tshuaj. Kev siv lub cev rov ua dua tshiab yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los siv cov khoom pov tseg. Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem paub qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg, thiab ntau lub lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb.
Qee qhov siv depolymerization los yog decomposition txoj kev los txo cov pov tseg plastics rau monomers thiab polymerize dua kom ua tiav tshuaj cycling. Nws tau nkag siab tias qhov ntxov tshaj plaws DuPont thiab Huntsman nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no tau paub txog "methanol decomposition technology" kom decompose pov tseg polyester (PET) fwj dej haus rau hauv methyl terephthalate thiab ethylene glycol monomer, thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua cov khoom siv PET tshiab kom ua tiav qhov kaw. - voj voog tshuaj lom neeg.
Tseem muaj gasification ntawm pov tseg plastics rau hauv syngas los yog pyrolysis rau hauv roj, thiab ces synthesis ntawm chemicals thiab polymers. Piv txwv li, BASF tab tom tsim cov txheej txheem thermal cracking, cov khib nyiab yas thermal tawg rau hauv syngas lossis roj cov khoom, nrog rau cov khoom siv raw hauv Ludwigshafen integrated site los tsim ntau yam tshuaj los yog polymers, nws zoo mus txog qib zaub mov; Eastman ua tiav cov tshuaj rov ua dua tshiab ntawm ntau yam ntawm polyester yas pov tseg los ntawm polyester rov siv tshuab, uas tuaj yeem txo cov pa tawm hauv tsev cog khoom los ntawm 20% mus rau 30% piv rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj. Nyiv Kobelco Ib puag ncig siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob fluidized txaj los ua kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, tsis yog cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab siv cov syngas tau los tsim cov tshuaj methanol, cov phiaj xwm npaj yuav pib ua haujlwm thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2023, txoj kev no tuaj yeem txo qis 100,000 tons ntawm carbon dioxide emissions rau txhua txhua 60, 000 tons ntawm pov tseg plastics kho. Tuam Tshoj Academy ntawm Petrochemical Sciences, aerospace science thiab kev lag luam thiab lwm yam lag luam kuj tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig hauv cov yas rov ua dua tshiab.
Lub voj voog tshuaj tsis yog qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev pom, vim tias cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau thim rov qab: lawv tuaj yeem decomposed yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ua ke, thiab depolymerized yog tias lawv tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke. Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws tam sim no yog kev lag luam. Nws yog tus nqi thiab tus nqi. Yog li ntawd, kev daws teeb meem ib leeg tsis txaus; lawv kuj xav tau txoj cai impetus, nrog rau kev pom zoo thiab kev nqis tes ua thoob ntiaj teb.
Ua kom nrawm rau daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj chemical recycling
Li Mingfeng, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Petrochemical Science, Sinopec
Kev siv tshuaj rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov yas pov tseg tau lees paub hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws raws li cov pa roj carbon tsawg, huv si thiab tsuas yog siv txoj kev rov ua dua tshiab uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov tuam txhab tshuaj lom neeg thoob ntiaj teb tau nrawm cov txheej txheem hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov yas rov ua dua tshiab, LG, Saudi Basic Industries Company, bp thiab lwm lub tuam txhab muaj npe nrov thoob ntiaj teb tau ua cov kev tshawb fawb yas rov ua dua tshiab. Ntawm lawv, chemical recycling yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Vim tias kev siv tshuaj lom neeg yog tsim rau cov khoom siv khib nyiab sib xyaw nrog cov ntsiab lus impurity siab thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua lub cev, nws raug txiav txim siab los ntawm kev lag luam raws li cov kev taw qhia yav tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho tshuab. Tsuas yog 12% ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv pov tseg tam sim no tau siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem lub cev, thiab yuav luag tsis muaj kev cai lij choj tshuaj, yog li tseem muaj chaw loj rau kev txhim kho.
Kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj rov ua dua tshiab tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev txhawb nqa thev naus laus zis, thiab cov khoom siv pov tseg yas pyrolysis yog cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb siv los ntawm yuav luag txhua lub lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg yas pyrolysis yog qhov nyuaj heev, vim tias muaj ntau tshaj 200 hom yas raw cov ntaub ntawv koom nrog, ob qho tib si yas, tshwj xeeb plastics, thiab engineering plastics, ua rau kev xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam refining complex. Tam sim no, txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov khib nyiab plastics hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav kev txhim kho sai, tag nrho tseem nyob rau theem me me rau kev tsav tsheb lossis kev nthuav dav kev lag luam. Kev nrawm nrawm ntawm thev naus laus zis xav tau kev siv zog ntau dua hauv kev tshawb fawb thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho thiab kev sib koom tes dav.
Nyob rau hauv 2021, coj los ntawm Academy ntawm Pob zeb Sciences, 11 units suav nrog Engineering Siv Tuam Txhab, Yanshan Petrochemical, Yangzi Petrochemical, Maoming Petrochemical, Suav Academy ntawm Environmental Sciences, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Tongji University, thiab Zhejiang Provincial Governor Triangle Circular Economy Technology Lub koom haum tshawb fawb tau thov rau Petrochemical Federation "Industrial Technology Innovation Center for Waste Plastics Chemical Recycling Industry" thiab ua tiav qhov khoom plig. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, lub Academy yuav vam khom lub chaw ua hauj lwm-university-kev tshawb fawb kev sib koom tes innovation, thiab siv zog los tsim ib tug kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob platform rau high-value siv technology ntawm pov tseg plastics muaj feem xyuam rau ntau hom yas thiab ntau qhov chaw. , tsim cov kev hloov pauv hloov tshuab ntawm cov khib nyiab pov tseg, thiab ua tiav kev txhim kho thiab kev lag luam kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg thiab cov cuab yeej siv sib txawv, kom cov chemical recycling thev naus laus zis ntawm cov yas pov tseg tuaj yeem ncav cuag thoob ntiaj teb kev ua lag luam.
Cia cov yas pov tseg rov qab siv dua
Guo Zifang, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm SINOPEC Beijing Chemical Research Institute
Txhawm rau pab ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm "ob chav carbon", peb tau ua haujlwm hnyav "sau thiab siv" thiab cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom siv polymer rov ua dua tshiab.
"Rov qab", feem ntau ntawm cov ntim plastics nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam yog ntau txheej, cov yas no tsis yog polyolefin nkaus xwb, cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua qhov nyuaj, kom ua tiav "rov qab", ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb heev yog xaiv ib qho raw khoom. cov khoom siv los tsim cov ntim yas, BOPE (bidirectional stretching polyethylene) yog ib tus neeg sawv cev, Cov khoom ntim ib leeg no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev rov ua dua tshiab dua li cov qauv ntim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "siv", lub cev recycling thiab chemical recycling yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev rov ua dua cov khoom pov tseg, thiab peb ib txwm ua raws li kev taug kev ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab txhim kho ntau txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv rov qab tuaj yeem siv tau. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub cev rov ua dua tshiab, rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li thiab rov qab siv cov yas zaj duab xis rov ua dua tshiab, automotive yas thib ob rov siv dua thev naus laus zis thiab lwm yam, peb tau koom tes nrog cov tsev kawm qib siab hauv tsev thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam los daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig thawj zaug. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj rov ua dua tshiab, peb tau tsim lub tshuab microwave plasma cracking technology, siv cov khib nyiab polymers ua cov ntaub ntawv raw, triene yield yog sib npaug rau cov txheej txheem naphtha chav tawg, thiab ua kom cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob hauv thaj chaw ntawm catalytic cracking, thiab siv zog ua kom tiav ntau yam khoom pov tseg plastics kom siv tau cov tshuaj chemical recycling. Peb kuj tau tsim cov kuab tshuaj ntau theem, uas tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau yam polymers los ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo dua thiab cov khoom siv ruaj khov dua, uas xav kom ua tiav cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm cov hybrid plastics. , thiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, kev tsim kho, kev thauj mus los thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
Kev rov ua dua ntawm cov khib nyiab polymers yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam polymer hauv kev tsim lub suab ntsuab qis-carbon ncig txoj kev loj hlob kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub koom haum tseem yuav tsom mus rau kev txhim kho, kev siv, rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, thiab tau cog lus los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab zoo ntawm lub cev rov ua dua tshiab, txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tshiab tshiab, pab. los tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov yas ncig kev lag luam, thiab yog li tsim kom muaj kev lag luam kaw ntawm kev lag luam ntsuab.
